ISLAMABAD, Haji Fazal Kadir Khan Sherani, President FPCCI has appointed Mian Shaukat Ahmed as the Chairman of FPCCI?s Standing Committee on Direct Taxes (Income Tax) for the year 2012, says a press release issued here on Monday.
Shaukat Ahmed is a prominent businessman and possesses vast experience and knowledge in issues related to trade and industry. In past, he has served in the capacity of President of Karachi Chamber of Commerce and Industry (KCCI), Chairman of FPCCI?s Standing Committee on Customs, and also as a Member of various Standing Committees. Ahmed is a life Member of SAARC CCI and is actively involved in resolving the issues faced by traders and industrialists related to the taxation with the Federal Board of Revenue.
Contact: Christine Pulliam cpulliam@cfa.harvard.edu 617-495-7463 Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
The exploding stars known as Type Ia supernovae serve an important role in measuring the universe, and were used to discover the existence of dark energy. They're bright enough to see across large distances, and similar enough to act as a "standard candle" - an object of known luminosity. The 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded for the discovery of the accelerating universe using Type Ia supernovae. However, an embarrassing fact is that astronomers still don't know what star systems make Type Ia supernovae.
Two very different models explain the possible origin of Type Ia supernovae, and different studies support each model. New evidence shows that both models are correct - some of these supernovae are created one way and some the other.
"Previous studies have produced conflicting results. The conflict disappears if both types of explosion are happening," explained Smithsonian astronomer and Clay Fellow Ryan Foley (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics).
Type Ia supernovae are known to originate from white dwarfs - the dense cores of dead stars. White dwarfs are also called degenerate stars because they're supported by quantum degeneracy pressure.
In the single-degenerate model for a supernova, a white dwarf gathers material from a companion star until it reaches a tipping point where a runaway nuclear reaction begins and the star explodes. In the double-degenerate model, two white dwarfs merge and explode. Single-degenerate systems should have gas from the companion star around the supernova, while the double-degenerate systems will lack that gas.
"Just like mineral water can be with or without gas, so can supernovae," said Robert Kirshner, Clowes Professor of Astronomy at Harvard University and a co-author on the study.
Foley and his colleagues studied 23 Type Ia supernovae to look for signatures of gas around the supernovae, which should be present only in single-degenerate systems. They found that the more powerful explosions tended to come from "gassy" systems, or systems with outflows of gas. However, only a fraction of supernovae show evidence for outflows. The remainder seem to come from double-degenerate systems.
"There are definitely two kinds of environments - with and without outflows of gas. Both are found around Type Ia supernovae," Foley said.
This finding has important implications for measurements of dark energy and the expanding universe. If two different mechanisms are at work in Type Ia supernovae, then the two types must be considered separately when calculating cosmic distances and expansion rates.
"It's like measuring the universe with a mix of yardsticks and meter sticks - you'll get about the same answer, but not quite. To get an accurate answer, you need to separate the yardsticks from the meter sticks," Foley explained.
This study raises an interesting question - if two different mechanisms create Type Ia supernovae, why are they homogeneous enough to serve as standard candles?
"How can supernovae coming from different systems look so similar? I don't have the answer for that," said Foley.
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Contact: Christine Pulliam cpulliam@cfa.harvard.edu 617-495-7463 Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics
The exploding stars known as Type Ia supernovae serve an important role in measuring the universe, and were used to discover the existence of dark energy. They're bright enough to see across large distances, and similar enough to act as a "standard candle" - an object of known luminosity. The 2011 Nobel Prize in Physics was awarded for the discovery of the accelerating universe using Type Ia supernovae. However, an embarrassing fact is that astronomers still don't know what star systems make Type Ia supernovae.
Two very different models explain the possible origin of Type Ia supernovae, and different studies support each model. New evidence shows that both models are correct - some of these supernovae are created one way and some the other.
"Previous studies have produced conflicting results. The conflict disappears if both types of explosion are happening," explained Smithsonian astronomer and Clay Fellow Ryan Foley (Harvard-Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics).
Type Ia supernovae are known to originate from white dwarfs - the dense cores of dead stars. White dwarfs are also called degenerate stars because they're supported by quantum degeneracy pressure.
In the single-degenerate model for a supernova, a white dwarf gathers material from a companion star until it reaches a tipping point where a runaway nuclear reaction begins and the star explodes. In the double-degenerate model, two white dwarfs merge and explode. Single-degenerate systems should have gas from the companion star around the supernova, while the double-degenerate systems will lack that gas.
"Just like mineral water can be with or without gas, so can supernovae," said Robert Kirshner, Clowes Professor of Astronomy at Harvard University and a co-author on the study.
Foley and his colleagues studied 23 Type Ia supernovae to look for signatures of gas around the supernovae, which should be present only in single-degenerate systems. They found that the more powerful explosions tended to come from "gassy" systems, or systems with outflows of gas. However, only a fraction of supernovae show evidence for outflows. The remainder seem to come from double-degenerate systems.
"There are definitely two kinds of environments - with and without outflows of gas. Both are found around Type Ia supernovae," Foley said.
This finding has important implications for measurements of dark energy and the expanding universe. If two different mechanisms are at work in Type Ia supernovae, then the two types must be considered separately when calculating cosmic distances and expansion rates.
"It's like measuring the universe with a mix of yardsticks and meter sticks - you'll get about the same answer, but not quite. To get an accurate answer, you need to separate the yardsticks from the meter sticks," Foley explained.
This study raises an interesting question - if two different mechanisms create Type Ia supernovae, why are they homogeneous enough to serve as standard candles?
"How can supernovae coming from different systems look so similar? I don't have the answer for that," said Foley.
###
[ | E-mail | Share ]
?
AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert! system.
A sweet couple! A Russian traitor! A defection! John Le Carre is a fairly hot writer right now. After one of his novels was adapted every few years, the rate is growing exponentially since Tinker, Tailor, Soldier, Spy. There?s also A Most Wanted Man in the works, and now Our Kind Of Traitor.
The script comes from Drive screenwriter Hoss Amini, and according to THR, Justin Kurzel has been hired to direct.
Independent filmmakers have keyed into the fact that we as an audience are definitely into dark, interesting, complex material. Thus, it makes sense that the spymaster Le Carre is en vogue. The other trend at work here? Australians are invading. If we?re not careful, we?ll all be watching crime dramas and eating Vegemite. Nothing to complain about, really. Now what other Le Carre work should see the big screen?
Fido's expressive face, including those longing puppy-dog eyes, may lead owners to wonder what exactly is going on in that doggy's head. Scientists decided to find out, using brain scans to explore the minds of our canine friends.
The researchers, who detailed their findings May 2 in the open-access journal PLoS ONE, were interested in understanding the human-dog relationship from the four-legged perspective.
"When we saw those first (brain) images, it was unlike anything else," said lead researcher Gregory Berns in a video interview posted online. "Nobody, as far as I know, had ever captured images of a dog's brain that wasn't sedated. This was (a) fully awake, unrestrained dog, here we have a picture for the first time ever of her brain," added Berns, who is director of the Emory University Center for Neuropolicy.
He added, "Now we can really begin to understand what dogs are thinking. We hope this opens a whole new door into canine cognition, social cognition of other species." [ 10 Barking Doggy Facts ]
Sit ? stay ? still
Berns realized dogs could be trained to sit still in a brain-scanning machine after hearing that a U.S. Navy dog had been a member of the SEAL team that killed Osama bin Laden. "I realized that if dogs can be trained to jump out of helicopters and airplanes, we could certainly train them to go into an fMRI to see what they're thinking," Berns said.
So he and his colleagues trained two dogs to walk into and stay completely still inside a functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) scanner that looks like a tube: Callie, a 2-year-old feist, or southern squirrel-hunting dog; and McKenzie, a 3-year-old border collie.
In the experiment, the dogs were trained to respond to hand signals, with the left hand pointing down signaling the dog would receive a hot-dog treat and the other gesture (both hands pointing toward each other horizontally) meaning "no treat." When the dogs saw the treat signal, the caudate region of the brain showed activity, a region associated with rewards in humans. That same area didn't rev up when dogs saw the no-treat signal. [ Video of dog experiment ]
"These results indicate that dogs pay very close attention to human signals," Berns said. "And these signals may have a direct line to the dog?s reward system."
Mirror into human mind
The researchers think the findings open the door for further studies of canine cognition that could answer questions about humans' deep connection with dogs, including how dogs represent human facial expressions in their minds and how they process human language.
With such an evolutionary history between man and man's best friend, the studies, the researchers point out, "may provide a unique mirror into the human mind," they write.
More science news from msnbc.com
Cartoons visualize the Higgs boson
Science editor Alan Boyle's blog: Sometimes it takes a cartoon to make sense of the Higgs boson ? the prime scientific target for the $10 billion Large Hadron Collider.
"The dog's brain represents something special about how humans and animals came together. It?s possible that dogs have even affected human evolution," Berns said.
In fact, research published in the August 2010 issue of the journal Current Anthropology suggests our love of these furry four-legged creatures may have deep roots in human evolution, even shaping how our ancestors developed language and other tools of civilization.
Follow LiveScience for the latest in science news and discoveries on Twitter @livescience and on Facebook.
Palm Beach, FL, May 07, 2012 ?(PR.com)? Anti-aging skin care product manufacturer Mango Madness Skin Care, Inc. has announced a stronger skin exfoliation product with the brand name Exfoliation Plus+? for faster results than its standard glycolic acid cleanser.
Exfoliation Plus? is a fruit acid exfoliation product, also known as alpha hydroxy acid or AHA, and consists of 3 skin exfoliating acids: lactic acid, pyruvic acid, and glycolic acid. Lactic acid is made from milk; pyruvic acid is made from glucose; and glycolic acid is made from sugar cane.
Skin exfoliation is a common practice used by skin care specialists to rid the outer surface of the skin of older, dead and dull skin cells. Exfoliation can also be accomplished at home as part of a dedicated skin care routine using products such as AHAs or fruit acids.
"Many women can benefit from exfoliating their skin before applying their other anti-aging skin care products,? said Gary Myers, president of Mango Madness Skin Care. "Not only does exfoliation remove the dead layer of cells at the skin surface to reveal younger, fresher looking skin, but exfoliation allows other skin care products such as hyaluronic acid moisturizing creams and peptide wrinkle creams to penetrate more deeply into the skin," Myers added.
Mango Madness skin creams, wrinkle reducers, and other skin care products are formulated to contain no parabens, sulfates, phthalates, BPA, or other harmful ingredients. The company performs no animal testing and all ingredients and products are animal cruelty free.
Mango Madness Skin Care manufactures a comprehensive line of paraben-free skin care products including hyaluronic acid creams and moisturizers, retinol and peptide wrinkle creams and face creams, a neck firming cream, day and night creams, glycolic acid, amber based and microdermabrasion type exfoliators, a Vitamin K dark circle eye cream, gentle skin cleansers, and a broad spectrum sunscreen.
Contact Information: Mango Madness Skin Care, Inc. Gary Myers 561-369-5471 Contact via Email
http://www.mangomadnessskincare.com/
Click here to read the full story: Mango Madness Skin Care, Inc. Announces Exfoliation Plus+?
Video teleconferencing is becoming more and more accepted among businesses, educational facilities, hospitals, libraries, and even conventions. The benefits of being able to broadcast live video and audio coverage of meetings, lectures, demonstrations, and speeches impact countless organizations each day. However, in order to take advantage of all of the features teleconferencing has to offer your internet marketing brand, it?s important that you establish a strong video teleconferencing ISDN connection.
Fortunately, finding the right one isn?t as intricate as it seems. How does a video teleconferencing ISDN connectivity work? The answer is simple: ISDN stands for Integrated Services Digital Network. It is commonly used among teleconferencing to initiate up to three digital telephone lines, allowing for conversation and as well as providing crisp video and audio quality.
In addition to this, video teleconferencing ISDN connections also allow the host and participants to alternate text as well as documents, spreadsheets, Power Point presentations, and other programs all useful in Internet marketing. Of course, in some cases, such as in university lecture halls or business press conferences, you may require far more than three phone lines open. In this event, you will need additional equipment along with your video teleconferencing ISDN connection, click here to find additional info. However, purchasing devices such as streaming servers can be extremely expensive. Those who can afford it, though, find that investing in such an innovative piece of equipment is incredibly beneficial for establishing needed connections and maintaining publicity, such as fishbat.com.
In addition to a video teleconferencing ISDN, you may also require a multiplexer. This device is useful if the host of the meeting plans to use two or more cameras while the meeting takes place. This is common among business meetings, as the host may wish to use one camera to establish the connection between the event and the other speakers involved, then use one or more cameras to provide additional views of a demonstration or simply to provide documentation throughout.
As you can imagine, this device is also useful for university lectures, auctions, press conferences, and other events. In addition to this, many hospitals use multiplexes as users may wish to provide x-rays, photos, or live coverage while also speaking. Regardless of the electronics you include with your video teleconference ISDN connection, the importance of establishing a solid, uninterrupted connection is a popular concern among many who regularly use long distance video communication. Fortunately, many companies that specialize in teleconferencing provide bonus devices to make sure your connection stays strong. Learn more today about which video teleconferencing ISDN connection is best for you and see just how beneficial it can be for your establishment?s communication. In addition to seeing how well it meshes with marketing and social media.
Dutch writes blogs and works for a social media agency. To check out his blogs today click here!. Also published at Video Teleconferencing: New Tricks of Internet Marketing.
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Public release date: 7-May-2012
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